Priority Programme Catalysts and Reactors under Dynamic Conditions for Energy Storage and Conversion SPP 2080
Termin:
31.08.2021
Fördergeber:
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
In 2017, the Senate of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) established the Priority Programme "Catalysts and Reactors under Dynamic Conditions for Energy Storage and Conversion" (SPP 2080). The programme is designed to run for six years. The present call invites proposals for the second three-year funding period.
The fluctuating availability of renewable energies such as wind and solar power represents one of the greatest challenges in the context of the energy transition. Electricity generated on windy and sunny days can be stored in the form of chemical energy carriers such as hydrogen or hydrocarbons. This requires the use of catalysts, reactors and electrochemical cells under externally controlled dynamic reaction conditions. This is where this Priority Programme steps in. Applied to current questions of energy transition, a basic understanding of microscopic processes on solid catalysts under dynamic conditions and their effects on activity, selectivity and stability will be developed. The interdisciplinary research programme is located in chemical technology and chemical reaction engineering, and is explicitly open to other areas of chemistry, physics or materials science that contribute to the topic.
In interdisciplinary consortia, fundamental and methodological challenges of dynamic operation are examined in five closely connected subject areas:
- characterisation using "operando" methods, i.e. under reaction conditions in order to understand solid catalysts "at work" under dynamic conditions
- predictive theoretical description of active phases forming under dynamic reaction conditions and elementary steps occurring on the catalyst
- kinetics and multiscale modelling including atomic information to understand the behaviour of catalysts and electrodes under technical and dynamic conditions
- targeted materials design to stabilise catalytically active surface structures and to examine them under periodic reaction management
- novel reactor and electrolyser concepts for methodical investigations under transient conditions
The investigation of solid catalysts under dynamic, externally triggered, conditions is to be focused in this Priority Programme on reactions that are relevant for energy storage and conversion. These include in particular the electrocatalytic conversion of H2O and/or CO2 as well as the catalytic synthesis of small storage molecules such as methane, hydrocarbons, alcohols or ammonia (see also the link below to the Priority Programme's website). Characteristic for all examined systems is that the dynamics are systematically imposed from the outside in the time domain between seconds and days, either because the applied dynamics can only be avoided with great effort (e.g. fluctuating supply of electrical energy), or because justified advantages for space-time yields or selectivities of the catalytic reactions are expected from the dynamic operation. The expected increase of knowledge is also interesting for other areas such as exhaust gas catalysis, selective oxidations, fuel cells, or photocatalysis. However, these applications, as well as purely physico-chemical studies and purely applied approaches, are not in the focus of this programme.
One of the first aims in the Priority Programme has been the investigation by temporally and spatially resolved in-situ analysis under operating conditions and the deepening of the understanding through theoretical studies and kinetic modelling at the microscopic and macroscopic levels. In parallel, concepts for targeted catalyst and reactor design have to be developed. These initially include technically relevant model systems to support and verify the spectroscopic and theoretical work and, now in the second funding period, will enable the predictability and targeted control of the processes taking place at the catalysts and in the reactors. In addition, the potential of the catalysts beyond stationary operating points is to be explored and higher time-averaged yields are to be obtained by using temporal changes. Transient kinetic measurements and corresponding model simulations will also make it possible to build a bridge from the (electro)catalyst to the reactor. Systematic studies of the dynamic operating behaviour of the catalyst in the reactor using suitable model reactors or models allow a multi-scale analysis and knowledge-based modification of the catalyst/reactor system and its operating conditions. Ultimately, the goal is to understand the fundamental aspects of catalyst aging, which may be accelerated under dynamic operation. Based on this knowledge, concepts can be developed to avoid aging in a targeted manner and to open up strategies for optimal dynamic operation modes.
In this second period, apart from the development of methods and application of a fundamental understanding of the behaviour of (electro)catalysts in dynamic operation the use of the methods to develop knowledge-based new catalysts and concepts for dynamically operated reactors come into focus. Note that the consideration of more applied research topics does not include the development of new reactor technologies for the technical realisation as they are part of other funding lines.
In order to gain knowledge as part of the Priority Programme, a close subject area-related and methodical interlinking of the sub-areas of spectroscopy, molecular and kinetic modelling, catalytic material systems, and reactor concepts is an essential prerequisite. The interdisciplinary and cross-location collaboration is an essential feature of this programme and research proposals should include collaborations between groups from two to three different sub-areas to support systematic knowledge transfer between the disciplines. An exception can be made to early career researchers who submit a single-author proposal but interlink their work directly with other consortia.
For scientific enquiries please contact the Priority Programme coordinator:
Professor Dr. Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt
Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie
Engesserstr. 20
76131 Karlsruhe
phone +49 721 608 42120
grunwaldt@SPP2080.org
Questions on the DFG proposal process can be directed to:
Programme contact:
Dr. Simon Jörres, phone +49 228 885-2971, simon.joerres@dfg.de
Administrative contact:
Silke Stieber, phone +49 228 885-2687, silke.stieber@dfg.de
Further Information:
www.dfg.de/foerderung/info_wissenschaft/2021/info_wissenschaft_21_01
The fluctuating availability of renewable energies such as wind and solar power represents one of the greatest challenges in the context of the energy transition. Electricity generated on windy and sunny days can be stored in the form of chemical energy carriers such as hydrogen or hydrocarbons. This requires the use of catalysts, reactors and electrochemical cells under externally controlled dynamic reaction conditions. This is where this Priority Programme steps in. Applied to current questions of energy transition, a basic understanding of microscopic processes on solid catalysts under dynamic conditions and their effects on activity, selectivity and stability will be developed. The interdisciplinary research programme is located in chemical technology and chemical reaction engineering, and is explicitly open to other areas of chemistry, physics or materials science that contribute to the topic.
In interdisciplinary consortia, fundamental and methodological challenges of dynamic operation are examined in five closely connected subject areas:
- characterisation using "operando" methods, i.e. under reaction conditions in order to understand solid catalysts "at work" under dynamic conditions
- predictive theoretical description of active phases forming under dynamic reaction conditions and elementary steps occurring on the catalyst
- kinetics and multiscale modelling including atomic information to understand the behaviour of catalysts and electrodes under technical and dynamic conditions
- targeted materials design to stabilise catalytically active surface structures and to examine them under periodic reaction management
- novel reactor and electrolyser concepts for methodical investigations under transient conditions
The investigation of solid catalysts under dynamic, externally triggered, conditions is to be focused in this Priority Programme on reactions that are relevant for energy storage and conversion. These include in particular the electrocatalytic conversion of H2O and/or CO2 as well as the catalytic synthesis of small storage molecules such as methane, hydrocarbons, alcohols or ammonia (see also the link below to the Priority Programme's website). Characteristic for all examined systems is that the dynamics are systematically imposed from the outside in the time domain between seconds and days, either because the applied dynamics can only be avoided with great effort (e.g. fluctuating supply of electrical energy), or because justified advantages for space-time yields or selectivities of the catalytic reactions are expected from the dynamic operation. The expected increase of knowledge is also interesting for other areas such as exhaust gas catalysis, selective oxidations, fuel cells, or photocatalysis. However, these applications, as well as purely physico-chemical studies and purely applied approaches, are not in the focus of this programme.
One of the first aims in the Priority Programme has been the investigation by temporally and spatially resolved in-situ analysis under operating conditions and the deepening of the understanding through theoretical studies and kinetic modelling at the microscopic and macroscopic levels. In parallel, concepts for targeted catalyst and reactor design have to be developed. These initially include technically relevant model systems to support and verify the spectroscopic and theoretical work and, now in the second funding period, will enable the predictability and targeted control of the processes taking place at the catalysts and in the reactors. In addition, the potential of the catalysts beyond stationary operating points is to be explored and higher time-averaged yields are to be obtained by using temporal changes. Transient kinetic measurements and corresponding model simulations will also make it possible to build a bridge from the (electro)catalyst to the reactor. Systematic studies of the dynamic operating behaviour of the catalyst in the reactor using suitable model reactors or models allow a multi-scale analysis and knowledge-based modification of the catalyst/reactor system and its operating conditions. Ultimately, the goal is to understand the fundamental aspects of catalyst aging, which may be accelerated under dynamic operation. Based on this knowledge, concepts can be developed to avoid aging in a targeted manner and to open up strategies for optimal dynamic operation modes.
In this second period, apart from the development of methods and application of a fundamental understanding of the behaviour of (electro)catalysts in dynamic operation the use of the methods to develop knowledge-based new catalysts and concepts for dynamically operated reactors come into focus. Note that the consideration of more applied research topics does not include the development of new reactor technologies for the technical realisation as they are part of other funding lines.
In order to gain knowledge as part of the Priority Programme, a close subject area-related and methodical interlinking of the sub-areas of spectroscopy, molecular and kinetic modelling, catalytic material systems, and reactor concepts is an essential prerequisite. The interdisciplinary and cross-location collaboration is an essential feature of this programme and research proposals should include collaborations between groups from two to three different sub-areas to support systematic knowledge transfer between the disciplines. An exception can be made to early career researchers who submit a single-author proposal but interlink their work directly with other consortia.
For scientific enquiries please contact the Priority Programme coordinator:
Professor Dr. Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt
Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie
Engesserstr. 20
76131 Karlsruhe
phone +49 721 608 42120
grunwaldt@SPP2080.org
Questions on the DFG proposal process can be directed to:
Programme contact:
Dr. Simon Jörres, phone +49 228 885-2971, simon.joerres@dfg.de
Administrative contact:
Silke Stieber, phone +49 228 885-2687, silke.stieber@dfg.de
Further Information:
www.dfg.de/foerderung/info_wissenschaft/2021/info_wissenschaft_21_01