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Cryo-electron microscopy studies of native cell extracts - Elucidating an active pyruvate dehydrogenase complex from Chaetomium thermophilum
Projektbearbeiter:
Panagiotis Kastritis, Kyrilis Fotis
Finanzierung:
Haushalt;
Summary:
Background: Throughout human history, the search for the secrets of life and the intricacies of biological matter has been a continuous journey. This relentless pursuit, which began with the exploration of the natural world, gradually led us to explore the molecular basis of life and seek answers to questions beyond our understanding. Over the centuries, the development of increasingly advanced tools and technologies has facilitated our exploration of the intricate micro-processes that underlie life itself. One such breakthrough technology is cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), which offers unparalleled insights into the architecture of biological processes. While early cryo-EM studies were limited to purified biomolecules or in situ studies with limited resolution, recent advances have expanded the capabilities of cryo-EM to study large, flexible and heterogeneous complexes in native cell extracts.
Preliminary work: The emerging field of native cell extract studies holds enormous potential for deciphering the high-resolution molecular signatures of complex biological systems. A notable achievement in this field is the structural elucidation of eukaryotic fatty acid synthase (FAS) from native cell extracts, achieving a remarkable resolution of 4.7 Å. These studies not only revealed structural details, but also uncovered previously unknown biomolecular interactions and protein communities that shed light on comprehensive molecular function.
Objective: The main objective of this research project is to build on these achievements by using a systematic approach to study megadalton complexes involved in pyruvate oxidation, a fundamental metabolic process. The project focuses on the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHc), a key assembly responsible for the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, thus bridging the gap between glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. Despite the extensive characterisation of its isolated components, the quaternary structure of PDHc remains a mystery. This project aims to identify and characterise fully assembled Chaetomium thermophilum α-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes in native cell extracts, providing insights into their domain arrangements and functional activities. In addition, the project aims to elucidate the structure of the PDHc core by cryo-EM to discover previously unknown features.
Methods: This research project uses a multidisciplinary approach that combines advanced techniques such as mass spectrometry, activity assays, cross-linking, electron microscopy and computational modelling to comprehensively characterise the PDHc complexes. Cryo-EM is the cornerstone for determining the structure of the PDHc core, providing unprecedented insights into its spatial organisation and the minimal reaction pathway between individual enzymes. This holistic perspective elucidates a dynamic compartment responsible for pyruvate oxidation orchestrated by core and peripheral protein species.
Implications: The results of this research project are of immense importance for scientific progress, particularly in understanding the structure and function of the PDHc and α-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes. By directly studying these large active complexes from native cell extracts, commonly referred to as metabolons, this research illustrates the potential for a holistic approach to deciphering cellular function. Furthermore, this project sets the stage for further integration of proteomics, network biology, biophysical modelling and machine learning that will provide a multi-scale molecular description of protein communities in native cell extracts. This integrated approach promises to significantly improve our understanding of cellular function at the biophysical level.
Alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): This research project is aligned with a number of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including but not limited to:
SDG 3 (Good Health and Wellbeing): By deepening our understanding of fundamental cellular processes, this research can potentially contribute to medical advances and improve global health.
SDG 4 (Quality Education): This research promotes high-quality teaching and research and thus the quality of education and the exchange of knowledge within the scientific community.
SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy): Through its multidisciplinary approach and innovative methods, this research contributes to the efficient use of energy and resources in science.
SDG 8 (Decent work and economic growth): Advances in science and technology promote economic growth and job creation, contributing to decent work.
SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure): The development and application of cutting-edge technologies and methods, as demonstrated in this research, can play an important role in promoting innovation and industry.
SDG 13 (climate policy): By improving our understanding of cellular processes and enabling more efficient scientific research, this project indirectly supports climate change mitigation efforts by reducing resource consumption.
SDG 17 (Partnerships for the Goals): This research embodies the spirit of collaboration and partnerships between researchers, institutions and organisations to address global challenges through scientific advances.

Anmerkungen

Summa cum laude (1.0)

Geräte im Projekt

Publikationen

2023
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2022
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2021
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2020
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2019
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