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PROtective ventilation with high versus low PEEP during one-lung ventilation for THORacic surgery
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Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) ;
One-lung ventilation (OLV) with resting of the contralateral lung may be required to allow or facilitate thoracic surgery. However, OLV can result in severe hypoxemia, requiring a mechanical ventilation approach that is able to maintain adequate gas exchange, while protecting the lungs against postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). During OLV, the use of lower tidal volumes (VT) is helpful to avoid over-distension, but can result in increased atelectasis and repetitive collapse-and-reopening of lung units, particularly at low levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). Nevertheless, it is not known if, during OLV with low VT, high levels of PEEP combined with lung recruitment maneuvers are superior to low to moderate PEEP for protection against PPCs.

The objective is to compare a strategy using high PEEP (10 cmH2O) with recruitment maneuvers versus low PEEP (5 cmH2O) without recruitment maneuvers, during thoracic surgery under standardized one lung ventilation with low VT (5 mL/kg predicted body weight - PBW) in adults.

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